How should small organizations approach risk analysis?

ANSWER

For small organizations that do not have cybersecurity specialists, the approach to risk analysis should rely on simple but effective methods. First and foremost, one should start with a basic risk assessment, using available tools that do not require advanced technical knowledge, such as checklists updated according to GDPR requirements, UODO guidelines, or a basic catalogue of IT threats referred to in standards such as ISO 27005. Ready-made frameworks such as ISO 27001, which offer a systematic approach, or ENISA guidelines, which contain simplified tools adapted to different types of organizations, can also be used. It is also worth staying up to date with information about new emerging threats online.

Although "doing the analysis to the best of one's knowledge" may not always be sufficient, it is important for the organization to be able to demonstrate that it has taken conscious steps to identify risks and secure data. In the event of an inspection, it will be key to document the analysis process, indicate the tools and methods used and decisions on the choice of safeguards, and regularly update analyses. In small organizations, especially with limited resources, it is also worth considering using external experts or tools (systems) that offer automated support for risk analysis, which may be less costly than fully outsourcing such a service.